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Black Hole Lab
The following concepts about black holes are from Stephen W. Hawking's book,
A Brief History Of Time:


The boundary of a black hole region is the event horizon which coincides with the paths of light rays that just fail to escape from the black hole.


The event horizon acts like a one-way membrane. Objects such as "unwary astronauts"' can fall through the event horizon into the black hole but nothing can ever get out of the black hole through the event horizon because nothing can travel faster than light. Anything or anyone who falls through the event horizon will soon reach the region of infinite density and the end of time.


Black holes in a stationary state are perfectly spherical.


The event horizon is formed by the paths in space-time of rays of light that just fail to get away from the black hole, hovering forever just on the edge.


Event Horizon


Dotting My "i's" And Crossing My "t's"

i made contact with Chris Bahry, a cybervisitor, some time ago. His present (a raytracing) was timely since at the time i was exploring black holes as a metaphor for Death, among other things. Although i have not yet made specific plans for the scattering of my ashes upon my own death (it would be too presumptuous to preserve myself in pine resin) it seems to me that instead of cluttering up yet another plot of land for a gravestone, a "cybergrave" would be more appropriate. Chris Bahry's "monument" is a manifestation of this idea which had been brewing for some time. The "t-cross" is the centre-piece of the "rest in cyberspace" memorial. The dotted "i" appropriately represents my singular self which as Chris puts it in his comment about my metaphor for the interconnectivity of the Net in my "Internet as Epiphany" page, "is a facet like one of the stones in Indra's Net which mirrors every other facet and then further mirror the reflection of the whole in the reflection of each facet--ad infinitum". The sphere like the dot in the letter "i" is a recurring theme in my photographs of water drops and soap bubbles which depict a sense of completeness and wholeness. Black holes in a stationary state are also perfectly spherical.....
The setting is appropriate since in cyberocean all drops are joined as one. The great ocean encompassing the Earth forms a membrane susceptible to the "pull" of celestial forces. The gravitational pull of a black hole is incomprehensible. It's "vibrational effect" on the great ocean is of a celestial magnitude which can barely be comprehended as the "oceanic feeling". Or is the source of this "oceanic feeling" the Sun, the Moon, Mercury, Venus, Mars or All? Or is it a memory from the womb? From water I came, to water I return.

Rest in cyberspace © Chris Bahry

"No one even knows
What is your perception of a rose."
Rita Plampe
Our "umbilical cord" to Mother Earth after we are born provides us with the air we breathe. With our first gasp we enter this world; with our last we leave it. I remember thinking years ago about the absurdity of the suggestion by someone that we had to learn how to breathe properly. As if we didn't know how to do this naturally! Apparently there are many people giving lessons on how to do this. The Holotropic Breathwork of Stanislov Grof is a process of breathing taught to enter a "non-ordinary states of consciousness". Leonard Orr promotes the technique of Rebirthing or Spiritual Breathing. Both of these methods results in changes to our our blood chemistry and our physical state which the medical community identifies as the hyperventilation syndrome. One proponent of this view who appears to discourage people from engaging in this practice is Russian Medical Scientist Professor Konstantin Pavlovich Buteyko. His observations about breathing are interesting because he believes that only one in every ten of us breathes correctly on a daily basis. He identifies a misconception in traditional wisdom (or what Grof might call consensus reality) which tells us that it is good for us to take deep breaths in order to take in more oxygen and exhale "harmful" carbon dioxide.
George Catlin published Shut Your Mouth (whole book available in PDF format, 1,285k Bytes - a slow link) in 1890, after studying the life-style of the American Native Indians. In the book he stresses the importance of breathing through the nose. He was convinced that breathing through the mouth resulted in the premature mortality of many in the civilized world. He dreamed of having a million dollars to invest in the giving away of 4 million copies of his book. His time has come since the book is now available for free on the Internet.
Buteyko discusses the oxygen paradox, which is that in order for oxygen to be released from the hemoglobin in the blood for distribution to the organs of the body, there must be a concentration in the blood of 6.5% carbon dioxide and 2% oxygen. Apparently the air we breathe contains 200 times less carbon dioxide and 10 times more oxygen than we require. In 1982 the level of carbon dioxide in our atmosphere was 0.03%.
Buteyko also raises some very interesting speculation in making a connection between our changing environment and the evolving human organism. According to Buteyko the level of carbon dioxide in our atmosphere "of ancient eras" was tens of percent more than the current level. It is believed by some, that 2,000 million years ago blue-green algae increased atmosphereic oxygen from far less than 1% to about 20%. How can this be proved? Amber being an incredible preserver of the past, has trapped air bubbles within in it which have been analyzed to show the consistency of 80 million year old "Dinosaur Breath", "The Alternate View" columns of John G. Cramer are short (~2,000 word) essays about cutting-edge science. They are aimed at readers (and writers) of "hard" science fiction, as exemplified by the SF stories of Analog, but are about real science, usually physics or astronomy. These columns are published bimonthly in Analog Science Fiction & Fact Magazine.
Also see the U.S. Government Geological Survey site which shows how chemists and geologists use analytical chemistry to observe atmospheric change over millions of years.)
The alveolar spaces in our lungs create the internal environment we need which is around 6.5% carbon dioxide. Interestingly the gaseous mix in the ideal environment of the womb is between 7% to 8% carbon dioxide.
Over-breathing or hyperventilating results in loss of valuable carbon dioxide. Our respiratory system's function is to maintain a specific ratio of oxygen to carbon dioxide so that carbon dioxide can regulate the departure of oxygen from the blood and result in the oxygenation of tissue and vital organs. Buteyko identifies at least 150 different health complaints resulting from poor oxygenation as a result of dysfunctional breathing. These "diseases" are in fact defence mechanisms adopted by the body to retain carbon dioxide such as the spasm of airways which are closed to make openings narrower in an effort to keep carbon dioxide in the lungs.
In Appendix I of Heaven and Hell, Aldous Huxley seemed to understand something about the rationale of yogic breathing exercises which are a practice in the prolonged suspensions of breath. This leads to the increase in the concentration of carbon dioxide in the lungs and blood, lowering the efficiency of the cerebral reducing valve and permitting the entry into consciousness of visionary or mystical experiences from Mind-at-Large.
It would appear that the "polar opposites" of over-breathing and under-breathing may produce "non-ordinary states of consciousness" but where is the balance? It is normal to hyperventilate when engaging in extreme physical activity but according to Buteyko many people are apparently hidden hyperventilators even when they are going about non-stressful activities. Buteyko's exercises of breath suspension are purported to have helped asthmatics overcome asthma attacks without drugs. Persons suffering from high blood pressure are discouraged from hyperventilating but the Buteyko method is also supposed to have lowered blood pressure in people whose blood pressure was too high.
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