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Spice Girls
New Edition
Britney Spears
Take That
Backstreet Boys
Destiny's Child
*NSYNC
New Kids on the Block
Hanson
  LeAnn Rimes
Justin Timberlake
Beyoncé
All Saints
Bros
Avril Lavigne
Ashlee Simpson
Christina Aguilera
Jessica Simpson
Pink

 

Teen Pop is essentially dance-pop, pop, and urban ballads that are marketed to teens. Often, it's performed by teens, as well. Of course, music made for teenagers has been around since the dawn of the modern recording industry, from the bobby-socked girls that swooned for Sinatra to the legions of fans of Fabian or the Bay City Rollers, but teen pop is the teen music made during the late '80s and '90s. It had its first great flourish in the last years of the decade, as Tiffany, Debbie Gibson, and New Kids on the Block rode to stardom on their lite, catchy, commercial dance-pop tunes and adult contemporary ballads. NKOTB, in particular, set the template for the genre, as they name-dropped hip urban trends while remaining completely wholesome and cutely commercial. During the first two years of the '90s, teen pop dominated American charts, but once Nirvana crossed over into the mainstream, it was done for. At least, that's how it appeared. In reality, it went underground and across the sea, where Take That ruled the U.K. charts with records that were equal parts NKOTB and George Michael. They had a few peers that remained British sensations, but Take That were the undisputed kings of teen pop. Just as they were on the brink of American success with their 1994 single "Back for Good," they imploded, just as British teens became fascinated with Brit-pop, the U.K. equivalent of the grunge revolution. For a brief time, there was no teen pop on either side of the Atlantic, but that all changed once the Spice Girls released their debut single, "Wannabe" in the summer of 1996. A photogenic, cleverly-marketed five-piece, the Spice Girls were sensations throughout the U.K., and spread like wildfire in the U.S. in 1997. Their success opened the doors for a wave of teen pop that was stronger than that in the late '80s. Hanson was the first out of the gate in 1997 with their spruced-up oldies rock, and then the Backstreet Boys eclipsed all of their peers during 1998 with a string of hit singles. Others followed in their shadow, whether it was the very similar 'N Sync or the Spice Girls-styled All Saints. In 1999, teen pop showed no signs of decline, as it produced a new trend -- the pop Lolita. Britney Spears and Christina Aguilera weren't out of their teens, but they strutted like Madonna in her prime and had music that was nearly as suggestive. Both Spears and Aguilera sold millions of records, just like the Backstreets and 'N Sync, proving that it wasn't just teenage girls buying teen pop in the late '90s, arguably the style's golden era.

Adult Contemporary is a soft-rock, easy listening genre that came into existence in the early '70s. Essentially, it is post-Beatles pop music with slight rock and soul influences. It is highly polished, without much of an edge but with a lot of melody and production. Throughout the '70s, string-laden easy listening bands like the Carpenters and Bread defined this genre. In the '80s, synthesizers replaced strings and artists that had been relatively harder in their early career -- Elton John, Billy Joel, and Sting, for instance -- became calmer and softer. Along with pseudo-soul singers like Michael Bolton, they became the staples of adult contemporary radio in the '80s and '90s.
 
Phil Collins
Madonna
Carole King
Spice Girls
Genesis
Hall & Oates
Whitney Houston
George Michael
Shania Twain
Babyface
Anita Baker
Boyz II Men
Faith Hill
Britney Spears
Barbra Streisand
Herb Alpert
Marc Anthony
The Bee Gees
Chicago
Eric Clapton
Take 6
James Taylor
Kathy Troccoli
UB40
Luther Vandross
 
  Neil Diamond
Fleetwood Mac
Amy Grant
Janet Jackson
Elton John
Johnny Lee
Gordon Lightfoot
The Manhattan Transfer
Paul McCartney
Tim McGraw
Bette Midler
Van Morrison
The Neville Brothers
Oasis
Lionel Richie
Linda Ronstadt
Selena
Paul Simon
Michael W. Smith
Dusty Springfield
John Stewart
Rod Stewart
Sting
Dionne Warwick
George Winston

Soft Rock emerged in the early '70s, partially as a reaction to the extreme sounds of the late '60s. Soft rock was commercial and inoffensive, taking the sound of singer/songwriter and pop/rock but smoothing out all the edges. Bands like Bread, the Carpenters, and Chicago relied on simple, melodic songs with big, lush productions. Throughout the '70s, soft rock dominated the airwaves and it eventually metamorphosed into the synthesized sounds of adult contemporary in the '80s.

Marvin Hamlisch
Phil Collins
Carole King
Kris Kristofferson
Genesis
Hall & Oates
Suede
Jackson Browne
Frank Sinatra
Barbra Streisand
Herb Alpert
The Bee Gees
Glen Campbell
The Carpenters
Chicago
Crosby, Stills & Nash
John Denver
Neil Diamond
Eagles
Fleetwood Mac
Don Henley
Ace
Little River Band
Phoebe Snow
The Doobie Brothers
Laura Nyro
  Elton John
Gordon Lightfoot
Paul McCartney
Sergio Mendes
Bette Midler
Van Morrison
Oasis
Eddie Rabbitt
Lionel Richie
Linda Ronstadt
Todd Rundgren
Paul Simon
Steely Dan
John Stewart
Rod Stewart
James Taylor
Scott Walker
Andy Williams
Jimmy Webb
Badfinger
10cc
The Amazing Rhythm Aces
Stevie Nicks
Donald Fagen

 

Singer/Songwriter

Although many vocalists sang their own songs, including early rock & rollers like Chuck Berry and Buddy Holly, the term Singer/Songwriter refers to the legions of performers that followed Bob Dylan. Most of the original singer/songwriters performed alone with an acoustic guitar or a piano. Their lyrics were personal, although they were often veiled by layers of metaphors and obscure imagery. Singer/songwriters drew primarily from folk and country, although certain writers like Randy Newman and Carole King incorporated the songcraft of Tin Pan Alley pop. The main concern for any singer/songwriter was the song itself, not necessarily the performance. However, most singer/songwriter records have a similar sound, which is usually spare, direct, and reflective, which places the emphasis on the song itself. James Taylor, Jackson Browne, and Joni Mitchell were the quintessential singer/songwriters of the '70s, and most of the songwriters that followed them based themselves on their styles, or Dylan's. Singer/songwriters were at the height of their popularity in the early '70s, and although they faded away from the pop chart, they never disappeared. In the late '70s, Rikki Lee Jones and Joan Armatrading crossed over into the pop charts, as did Suzanne Vega and Tracy Chapman in the late '80s. Throughout the '80s and '90s, a number of songwriters -- like John Gorka and Bill Morrissey -- kept the tradition alive through a series of independently released albums.

David Bromberg
Victoria Williams
Kate Wolf
Leonard Cohen
Carole King
Kris Kristofferson
Steve Goodman
Cisco Houston
Butch Hancock
Jack Hardy
Eric Bogle
Phil Ochs
Tom Rush
Alanis Morissette
Emily Sparks
Dr. Demento
Randy Newman
The Roches
Nick Drake
Richie Havens
Lyle Lovett
Mickey Newbury
Buffy Sainte-Marie
Tom Waits


 
  Kate & Anna McGarrigle
Tim O'Brien
Sinéad O'Connor
Liz Phair
Peggy Seeger
Dave Van Ronk
Loudon Wainwright III
Jerry Jeff Walker
Beck
Oscar Brand
Guy Clark
Judy Collins
Elvis Costello
Crosby, Stills & Nash
Rodney Crowell
John Denver
Ani DiFranco
Donovan
Bob Dylan
Steve Earle
Eric Andersen
Joan Baez
Jackson Browne
Tracy Chapman
Arlo Guthrie
Christine Lavin